As the world anticipates the Conclave scheduled for Wednesday, May 7, 2025, many observers agree that this may very well be the most interesting and potentially transformative Conclave in the history of the Catholic Church. What sets this event apart is not merely the number, but the remarkable diversity of the College of Cardinals tasked with this sacred duty.

Under the visionary leadership of Pope Francis, the College has undergone a profound transformation. More than any of his predecessors, Francis significantly expanded the College’s global representation. Over the course of ten consistories, he created 163 Cardinals—133 of whom are under the age of 80 and thus eligible to vote. These appointments span 73 nations, including 23 countries that, until now, had never been represented in the College of Cardinals. This unprecedented inclusion of nations from every inhabited continent is not just symbolic; it signals a shift in how the Church perceives its universal mission.

Historically, papal elections have tended to be brief. The past two Conclaves held in 2005 and 2013 respectively were concluded within two days. However, this upcoming Conclave may take considerably longer. Out of the 135 electors expected to participate, 108 were appointed by Pope Francis and have never before met in such a capacity. The lack of pre-established relationships and political alliances could prolong the process of arriving at the required two-thirds majority.

Adding to the unpredictability is an old Roman saying that has become folklore within the Church: “Chi entra papa nel Conclave, ne esce cardinale”—"He who enters the Conclave as Pope, exits as a Cardinal." This adage captures the mystery and the often surprising nature of papal elections. In this case, the diversity of the electors is likely to challenge traditional assumptions and alliances, while opening the door to new and perhaps unexpected outcomes.

Indeed, this diversity may be the very reason why the next Pope is likely to be the most global pontiff in the Church’s history. He will not merely be a representative of a particular continent or theological leaning, but a product of an unusual global consensus. With electors representing all seven continents and over 156 of the world’s 193 countries, this Conclave presents an opportunity for the election of a Pope who embodies a more universal vision of the Church.

Such a Pope would likely transcend the longstanding binary of “Conservative” and “Liberal” within Catholic discourse. Instead, he may embody the emerging “moderate” current—those who combine the doctrinal fidelity of conservatives with the pastoral sensitivity often associated with more progressive voices. This could usher in a balanced and inclusive approach to Church leadership, well-suited to the demands of a complex and pluralistic global society.

History offers a similar compelling precedent in the election of Pope John XXIII, born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli. Elected on October 28, 1958, after a prolonged, and nearly inconclusive Conclave, he was initially seen as a “transitional Pope.” Yet he defied expectations, convoking the Second Vatican Council—a watershed moment in modern Church history. John XXIII also expanded the College of Cardinals to better reflect the global face of Catholicism, setting the stage for the Church’s evolving international identity.

Since then, successive Popes have increasingly embraced a global vision. Pope Paul VI, elected in 1963, concluded the Second Vatican Council and implemented its reforms. He also became the first Pope to visit Australia in 1970, symbolizing the growing outreach of the Holy See. His successor, Albino Luciani elected in 1978, chose a dual papal name—John Paul, to signal continuity from his immediate past two predecessors — John XXIII and Paul VI. Though his reign lasted only 33 days, it set the tone for the energetic and internationally-minded papacy of Pope John Paul II.

Elected on October 16, 1978, John Paul II—born Karol Józef Wojtyła of Poland, was the first non-Italian Pope in 455 years. His 27-year reign was marked by unprecedented global engagement, as he traveled extensively and connected deeply with Catholics around the world. His successor, Pope Benedict XVI (Joseph Ratzinger), served from 2005 to 2013 and brought theological depth and clarity, though many viewed him as struggling to fill the expansive shoes of John Paul II.

Pope Francis, elected in 2013, represented a radical pastoral shift. A Jesuit and the first Pope from the Southern Hemisphere, he chose to reside in the Vatican guesthouse rather than the opulent apostolic apartments—symbolizing his commitment to simplicity and humility. His papacy was marked by outreach to the peripheries: the poor, the marginalized, and even those traditionally viewed as outside the fold, such as the LGBTQ community. He preached mercy as a defining Christian virtue, emphasizing the Church’s role as a field hospital rather than a fortress.

His Jesuit formation, with its global apostolic mandate, shaped his ecclesial worldview. Throughout his pontificate, Francis appointed Cardinals from diverse and underrepresented regions of the world, ensuring the College reflected the universal Church. For the first time, Europe is a minority in the College of Cardinal electors. A combination of Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania now play a more decisive role than ever before in determining the Church’s next leader.

This shift is not merely demographic—it is ecclesiological. It reflects a Church increasingly conscious of its identity as a truly global body. No longer Eurocentric, the Church now speaks many languages, celebrates diverse cultures, and addresses a wide range of social, political, and spiritual realities.

The upcoming Conclave, then, is more than a mere election—it is a manifestation of a maturing global Church. The next Pope, chosen by a College of Cardinals that better reflects the world, is likely to embody a more cosmopolitan spirituality, able to navigate the tensions of tradition and change, doctrine and dialogue, orthodoxy and outreach. The incoming Pope may likely (in practical terms) see himself as the Parish Priest of the whole world.

Just as Pope John XXIII’s unexpected election in 1958 led to a revitalized Church through Vatican II, we may be on the cusp of another such renewal. The next Bishop of Rome will inherit not just a throne, but a world-stage—called to lead with courage, compassion, and vision.

In the end, the Church’s future will not be shaped by geography or ideology alone, but by the spiritual wisdom and unity of its shepherds. As Catholics and global citizens alike look toward the Sistine Chapel with hope and curiosity, we await not only a new Pope—but perhaps a new chapter in the story of the Church.

May daylight spare us!

Dear Vice Admiral Ibokette Ibas

You have been in office as the administrator of Rivers State for over a month, and I will like to draw your attention to a few important things that you might unwittingly overlook, especially with all the controversies that came in the wake of your appointment in March. As a sole administrator, you are in full control of the treasury and resources of the state, and by the instrument of the proclamation of the State of emergency, you are to report to the President and take instruction from him alone. Of course, the FCT Minister, Nyesom Wike is your shadow boss. But you have no House of Assembly or any other mechanism for checks and balances. You will only work with the civil servants and some persons you may appoint; and they would all be beholden to you. You are free to take any decisions on the finances of the state government as you report only to President Tinubu. But since the FCT Minister is an interested part has a lot of ‘’structures’’ to take care of, I assume that he too would be talking to you regularly.

Even at that, you are the most unencumbered and unfettered chief executive in Nigeria. Rivers State has an IGR of about N35 billion in a month and receives a monthly allocation of N30 billion from FAAC. There is also monthly derivation revenue. That means, in a month, the state receives about N70 billion which sums up to almost N500 billion in the six months that you’d be in office as Administrator. You may award contracts; incur expenditures; make all sorts of payments and receive all sorts of requests or instructions from different quarters. Your tenure ends in September 2025, and may be renewed, depending on how the President feels about you. In a way, you are in El Dorado – a place of riches, abundance and opportunity for endless revelry. It also comes with great potentials for temptation, abuse and corruption.

 But this letter is to give you some pieces of advice that may guide you throughout your stay in Port Harcpourt. In the first instance, you should keep in mind that you may be called upon to give account of your stewardship and defend yourself, especially in matters concerning the finances of Rivers State, after your tour of duty. Second, take note that the man that appointed you to this position will not hold his own job in perpetuity. President Tinubu will not always be there to protect you, and so, a time will come when you would be completely on your own. See what is happening to Godwin Emefiele, former CBN Governor and Col. Sambo Dasuki, former National Security Adviser? Emefiele served as CBN Governor in the Jonathan and Buhari administrations. He actually claimed that he was acting on the instructions of the two presidents in everything he did. But the two former leaders have not come out to defend him as he is facing criminal trial for various charges. He has a lot to answer for.

There is a tradition or unwritten code in this country that no former president or Head of State would be brought to trial. But those who served with in their administrations would not be so lucky. Former ministers like Olu Agunloye; Saleh Mamman; Diezani Alison-Madueke and a few other senior officials are currently facing trial. But the presidents they worked for are going around free as if they are all innocent. Another President will come and a new administration will succeed this one. You never can tell what the attitude of the new government would be, and so, levels may change dramatically. Be careful, Sir. I therefore suggest that every request made to you should be in writing. Keep a copy of such requests for you may need it in future to defend yourself. But do not oblige any request that is patently illegal; unethical or dubious, no matter where it comes from.

Dear Vice Admiral, you will be 65 in September (you are just some eight months older than me). You were Nigeria’s 22nd Chief of Naval Staff (2015-2021) and a decorated sailor. You have a proud heritage and a distinguished lineage. Keep away from anything that may stain your records and desecrate your pedigree. We from Akwa Ibom and Cross River are nationally renowned for our honesty; hard work; decency and a sense of duty. Our forebears were sticklers for civility; truth and good values. They had early contacts with European missionaries and Western education since the 13th century. You attended Hope Waddell Training Institute, Calabar, one of the oldest secondary schools in Nigeria. You cannot afford to be messed up by politicians of dubious backgrounds and questionable character.

You have reached the peak of your military career and you deserve to live in peace and happiness in your retirement after a long and successful military career. I recall that after your retirement from the Navy, President Buhari appointed you as Nigeria’s ambassador to Ghana. You come highly recommended with your experience and sagacity. You have the courage to decline any unethical request and say No to every crooked transaction that may be brought to your attention. As a retired general, you are not in penury.

I will like to end by recalling the case of Ahmadu Finitiri, governor of Adamawa State, as a lesson to guide you. In July 2014, Alhaji Finitiri, then Speaker of the State House of Assembly, was sworn in as acting governor of the State after the impeachment of the Governor, Murtala Nyako (a former chief of Naval Staff, just like you) and his deputy, for financial impropriety. Finitiri served for only three months as acting governor until October 2014. But two years after he left office as acting governor, Finitri was arraigned by the EFCC on June 30, 2016 for allegedly defrauding the state by laundering money to the tune of N1.9 billion. The sordid details are available on the EFCC website. He has been going for trial until he was elected governor in 2019; and reelected in 2023. His prosecution will continue when he leaves office in 2027. I’m recalling this case to show that even while acting as governor for only three months, a Nigerian can do as much damage as he wants to; but the EFCC will always be there, watching as an eagle.

….As Nenadi, Kingibe others bemoan the hardship in the country.

The hardship in the country vis-à-vis the plight of Nigerian workers was at the centre of the conversation in Abuja on Friday as some members of the Obidient Movement powered by the Cyrus Group and Free Nigeria Foundation held a talk show as part of the May Day celebration.

The high points of the well-attended event at the Merit House, Maitama, Abuja were the remarks of the Peoples Democratic Party, PDP frontline Chieftain Dr Segun Sowunmi, who declared that the 2023 Labour Party standard bearer, Peter Obi, remains the only authentic Presidential candidate for 2027.

According to Dr Sowunmi, “You know I am of the PDP but the future of Nigeria is in Peter Obi. He is the only authentic candidate all others are fake”

He said that Obi is restless to see Nigeria work, and he is everywhere looking for answers to our problems, unlike others who are just waiting for what they are not ready for. “I am very uncomfortable that we are busy passing the batten between the North and the South West, leaving the very critical section of the country, the Igbo, even when they have Obi, who is the future.

Dr Sowunmi supported his position with historical illustrations and the story of the circumstance that brought Obi into politics which underscores the fact that Obi is basically in politics to change the country. He charged the Obidient Movement and the Labour Party to emulate the Labour Party in Brazil and work hard to lead the change that is needed in this country.

The Acting National Chairman of the Labour Party, Senator Nenadi Usman, said that the Labour Party actually belongs to Workers wherever they are, at the construction site, in hospitals, in the security sector, etc.

She said that the Labour Party takes any issue concerning workers' welfare very seriously and gave five deals the LP has to restore the dignity of Nigerian workers including, among others, giving workers living wages, Labour rights, non-negotiable health and housing programs for workers, and enforcement of Labour laws.

She said that workers cannot be the creators of wealth and live in penury, pointing out that everything about the Labour struggle is for the welfare of the people.

Dr Nenadi said that a government can be busy clapping for itself that it has achieved a lot but once it’s not reflected in the welfare of the people, it’s no governance.

“They can lock everyone, but they cannot luck God. 'Stay the course; don’t sell your birthright for the sake of tomorrow’s children”, the LP acting boss concluded.

The famous poet, Dike Chukwumerije, also addressed the audience, charging Nigerians to brace up for the inevitable change even if it would take eighty years, but it’s desirable not necessarily for this generation but for the sake of our children and children’s children.

Also speaking at the event, the FCT Senator Ireti Kingibe berated the obedient and the youths of Nigeria for not doing enough to take and own the country.”You are too quiet in this country and we are going down in this country, the Labour Party Senator screamed to the audience. 

The other highlight of the occasion was the questions and answers session as the FCT Senator took the hot seat to respond to her constituents. While the questions to her were hot, she was equal to them addressing all the issues squarely.

The coordinator of the talk show and the Director of the Free Nigeria Foundation, Dr Moses Paul, sent warning signals to all those thinking that 2027 is going to be business as usual, declaring a ‘never again’ mantra for 2027. Dr Paul, popularly known as Dr Mo., particularly sent a message to the FCT Minister Nyesom WIKE to stop intimidating Abuja residents over election because the voters know where they are and where they are going.

The iconic gospel musician Bongos Ikwue was among the elders and other Labour veterans who graced the highly successful gathering.

Signed 

Ibrahim Umar 

POMR Spokesman 

The Federal Government of Nigeria has officially commenced the implementation of the Dual Mandate Policy across all Federal Colleges of Education (FCOEs), following the enactment of the Federal Colleges of Education Act, 2023. This legislation, signed into law by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, empowers FCOEs to concurrently award the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) and Bachelor's Degrees in Education—marking a significant milestone in Nigeria’s teacher education reform.

Announcing the policy rollout in Abuja, the Education Minister described the implementation as a bold and progressive step. The Dual Mandate Policy represents not just a reform but a revolution in teacher preparation—enabling FCOEs to offer both NCE and Bachelor’s degrees. This initiative empowers institutions, broadens access, and enhances the quality of classroom instruction across Nigeria.

According to the Act, all FCOEs that meet the National Universities Commission (NUC) standards are now eligible to operate under the Dual Mandate. This inclusive policy ensures that institutions, regardless of their establishment date, can participate once the stipulated requirements are met.

The Honourable Minister emphasized the policy’s impact, noting that offering degrees within FCOEs equips educators with higher competencies to meet the evolving demands of the education sector. It also expands access to higher education by providing an alternative route to earn Education degrees outside the traditional university system.

The Dual Mandate addresses multiple challenges simultaneously, including curbing declining enrolment, preserving institutional relevance, and eliminating the need for university affiliations in the issuance of degrees.

Furthermore, the policy grants greater autonomy to FCOEs in curriculum development and implementation, enabling them to respond more swiftly to emerging trends and needs in the teaching profession.

Reaffirming the government’s commitment to revitalizing education, the Honourable Minister stated: “No nation can rise above the quality of its teachers. This policy strengthens the foundation of our education system—ensuring that every teacher is trained, qualified, and prepared.”

The inclusion of eligible FCOEs in the Dual Mandate Programme marks a vital step toward advancing Nigeria’s educational development.

Boriowo Folasade

Director, Press & Public Relations

Protocol

My Gallant Officers, Brave Soldiers, and Defenders of Our Great

Nation,

HOW IS THE MORALE?

ARE WE GOOD TO GO?

ARE WE MOTIVATED?

I stand before you today not just as your President and

Commander-in-Chief, but as a fellow patriot, deeply humbled by

your courage, sacrifice, and unwavering commitment to the peace,

security, and sovereignty of our great nation.

You are the shield of Nigeria, the brave sons and daughters who

stand between our people and the forces of terror. Every inch of

ground you hold, every terrorist you neutralize, and every

community you secure is a victory for justice, freedom, and the

future of our children.

The fight you are waging here in Katsina and across the

country is not just a battle for territory; it is a battle for the

soul of Nigeria. Your resilience in the face of danger inspires the

entire nation. Your sacrifices do not go unnoticed.

You have left behind your families and the comforts of civilian life

to wear the uniform of honour and duty. You face danger not for

wealth or recognition, but for the love of our dear country. That,

my brothers and sisters in uniform, is the highest form of

patriotism. You are the silent guardians of our democracy, and I

salute you.

Let me be clear: the Federal Government stands firmly behind you.

As your Commander-in-Chief, I am fully aware of the challenges

you face. We are taking bold steps to equip you with advanced

equipment, superior intelligence, and robust logistical support not

only to defend this nation but to dominate and defeat every

adversary.

But it is not just about weapons. Your welfare is my top priority.

We are committed to ensuring your families are safe, your

allowances are paid promptly, your healthcare is guaranteed, and

your dignity upheld. Housing programs, family support systems,

insurance coverage, and improved remuneration are being

implemented without delay.

My dear soldiers, this is a defining moment in our history. The

threats of terrorism, banditry, and insurgency have persisted for

too long. Nigerians are counting on us and on you to end this

menace and reclaim every inch of our territory.

Let me hear you loudly: Are you ready? Are you committed to

ending this insecurity once and for all?

Let your resolve echo through every valley and forest. Let the

enemies of Nigeria know—their time is up.

This war will not be won by weapons alone but by your will to

stand, resist, fight, and triumph. As your President, I will match

your courage with action, investment, and unwavering support.

To those who seek to destabilize our nation be they domestic

collaborators or foreign agents—hear this: Nigeria will not bow.

Not to fear. Not to terror. Not to treachery.

You, the Nigerian military, are the spearhead of this fight. With

your valour and discipline, peace shall prevail. Stand tall. Be

proud. Nigeria depends on you, and I am with you—today,

tomorrow, and always.

Stay strong. Stay focused. For God and country.

May God bless you.
 May God bless the Armed Forces of the

Federal Republic of Nigeria.
 May God bless the Federal Republic

of Nigeria.

Long live the Armed Forces!
 Long live the Federal Republic of

Nigeria!
 Thank you.

Today marks exactly 180 days since Dr. Olajumoke Oduwole assumed the position of Nigeria’s Minister of Industry, Trade and Investment. In a nation grappling with innumerable economic challenges and seeking to bolster growth, beyond rhetoric, the lack of visible initiatives by her office is becoming increasingly concerning.

Oduwole’s appointment to her position last year by President Bola Tinubu came with lots of expectations, and many people thought that she would hit the ground running. No doubt, she brought a wealth of experience and expertise to her current role. As the pioneer Executive Secretary of the Presidential Enabling Business Environment Council (PEBEC) set up in 2016, the belief was that she had a full grasp of the factors making it difficult for businesses to flourish, promote trade and investment. But so far, she has not been able to pull her weight. 

The main objective of macroeconomic policy is to achieve sustainable economic growth in the context of price stability and viable external accounts. For this, it is essential to have a close degree of coordination among policymakers in the areas of monetary, fiscal, and trade policies. Today, the Minister of Trade and Investment has not been able to churn out policies that would support monetary and fiscal policies, sometimes leading to inconsistencies and challenges in achieving economic goals. This lack of alignment results in policies that sometimes work against each other.

Trade is crucial for economic growth as it facilitates specialisation, expands markets, encourages competition, and promotes innovation, ultimately leading to higher productivity and economic prosperity. Investment, on the other hand, is a key factor that determines economic progress in any nation, and Nigeria requires a great amount of investment to promote and enhance economic activities that guarantee better living conditions for its citizens and lift a lot out of poverty. Creating the conditions for investment and trade to flourish is essential to building robust pathways towards sustainable economic growth. This is because when businesses, domestic and international, feel confident about Nigeria’s environment, they are more likely to commit resources. Such capital injection drives job creation across various sectors. With this, new industries emerge, existing ones expand, and the overall productivity of the nation increases. Investment also brings with it transfer of valuable skills and technologies.

Nigeria has enormous economic potential due to its abundant resources and growing population. The country has the potential to manufacture many products that are currently being imported. 

However, economic growth and investment over the years have been hampered by its persistently low ranking on international measures of ease of doing business and it keeps punching below its belt. It is well documented that Nigeria has a difficult business environment. In 2023, the country ranked 131st out of 190 economies in the World Bank’s annual ease of doing business ratings as it faces challenges in areas such as getting electricity, registering property, paying taxes, and resolving insolvency. Also, Nigeria was ranked ninth in Africa for investment opportunities in 2024, according to the Rand Merchant Bank’s ‘Where to Invest in Africa’ report and Nigeria ranked 113th out of 133 economies in the 2024 Global Innovation Index (GII). Nigeria ranks 127th for infrastructure, 125th for institutions, and 121st for market sophistication, knowledge, and technology outputs.

In 2023, President Muhammadu Buhari’s administration launched the Trade Policy of Nigeria (TPN) 2023-2027, which was expected to enhance economic growth and development. The 59-page document is also expected to help the country pursue market-oriented policies, based on principles that are consistent with Nigeria’s rights and obligations in the World Trade Organisation and in global trade. At a period of heightened global economic uncertainties and complexity in the world occasioned by United States President Donald Trump’s reciprocal tariffs, how relevant is the TPN today? Oduwole must be at the forefront in designing a clear strategy for Nigeria to navigate the tides. The current situation in the global trade environment has created an opportunity for Nigeria to assert its dominance in Africa.  

Effectively leveraging existing trade agreements like the African Continental Free Trade Area to expand market access for Nigerian goods and services is key today and presents a significant opportunity for the country to increase its trade with other African countries. Oduwole needs to develop a clear strategy for Nigeria to maximise the benefits of the continental trade agreement. Her ability to deliver tangible results in the face of these challenges will determine her success.

In addition, Nigeria has historically struggled to attract consistent and substantial foreign direct investments. The minister is expected to implement policies and strategies that make Nigeria a more attractive destination for foreign investors. 

During a recent ministerial briefing, Oduwole, alongside her counterpart, John Eno, said the federal government aims to position Nigeria as a prime investment destination, to unlock a $50 billion Foreign Direct Investment commitment and that President Tinubu’s foreign trips have so far accumulated $50.8 billion in proposed investments. In addition, she said the ministry is collaborating commercial banks to provide soft loans for micro, small, and medium-scale enterprises across Nigeria’s 776 local government areas to boost the manufacturing sector and grassroots wealth creation. Nigerians are eager to see all these move beyond policy intentions that the investments commitments come to fruition. She must understand the fierce urgency to increase investment and expand trade in the country. 

Also, it is the primary responsibility of her ministry to create an enabling environment where people can do business, and investors would find it attractive to invest.  Simplifying regulations, streamlining bureaucratic processes, and fostering a more predictable business environment are not just desirable goals, but essential for Nigeria to reach its full potential. Creating a more business-friendly climate would signal to international investors that Nigeria is open for business and would encourage the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the backbone of any economy. Additionally, it reduces opportunities for corruption, promotes a level playing field for businesses, increases public trust in government, and enhances the country’s global competitiveness by making it more attractive for trade and investment in the long term.

Improving the ease of doing business in Nigeria is not just a technical exercise; it’s a strategic imperative for the country’s economic future. The achievement of double-digit growth which is the target of the government, achieving a drop in inflation, and a friendly macroeconomic environment would also require a shift in policy focus. 

In all of these, the minister’s success will depend on her ability to translate policy pronouncements into concrete actions and results. 

As I stated earlier, the media is littered with headlines such as “Oduwole Pledges…, Minister Promises….,” and she must do more going forward by focusing on tangible actions and results. 

With this, the ministry under her leadership will help attract the much-desired investments, create jobs, and improve the lives of its citizens. It will also be able to develop and execute well-thought-out trade policies to enhance Nigeria’s competitiveness, attract foreign investment, and promote export diversification. The time for action is now.

Who should rightly use the title Dr? This question has sparked intense debates in certain quarters. How do we distinguish holders of honorary doctoral degrees from those with academic qualification using titles?

A fundamental distinction exists between honorary doctoral degrees and academic qualifications, particularly the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). 

Unlike the PhD, which demands rigorous scholarly inquiry, original research, and academic rigour, honorary doctoral degrees symbolise exceptional individual achievements, contributions, and service to society, distinct from academic accomplishments.

Honorary doctoral degrees acknowledge non-academic achievements, including exemplary leadership, innovative entrepreneurship, exceptional artistic expression, and humanitarian endeavors. 

In the United States, these degrees are denoted by “Hon” or “HC” (Honoris Causa) in parentheses, preceding the degree 

In an interview with Nigerian Tribune, the Deputy Vice Chancellor, (Administration) University of Ibadan, Professor Peter Olapegba stated that medical doctors should not attach the title “Dr” to their names.

He noted that there is a craze for titles in Nigeria compared to abroad where medical doctors do not use the “Dr” title. According to him, it is only those that earn a PhD that are called “Dr.” 

He added that those who are awarded an honorary doctorate degree are not entitled to be called “Dr.” 

He said: “This is an ongoing controversy. Basically, abroad, for example, in United States of America precisely, medical doctors are not called Dr. 

“It is only those that earned an academic PhD that are addressed with ‘Dr’ title unlike here in Africa where everyone wants to be referred to using their title. For example, a veterinary doctor will also call himself a doctor, while a person who produces and prescribes herb will call himself doctor, that is ‘agbomola’ which is the Yoruba name for traditional medicine seller.

“Funny enough some professions use titles which do not exist. This includes surveyors who address themselves as ‘Surv.’ ‘Pharm’ is use to refer to pharmacists. Townplanners uses the title, ‘Tpl’. So there is a craze for titles. 

“So for someone who was awarded with a honorary doctorate degree, the person should not use the Dr title. The person should use ‘PhD Honoris causa’ at the back of their name to indicate that they were honoured with PhD by a university. 

“So they are not supposed to be addressed as Dr. Sadly because there is no regulation about it, everyone uses the title. If it was strictly regulated, such will be put to an end.”

Also speaking in an interview with Nigerian Tribune, the Director General, National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS), Professor Ayo Omotayo, was also of the opinion that a medical doctor should be addressed as a physician and not addressed with the Dr title.

According to him, when medical doctors take further courses in the field they are addressed as ‘registrar’ and later ‘consultant’. 

He, however, argued that a person who has bagged an honorary doctorate degree award can also be addressed with the title “Dr” just as a person who worked to earn PhD from a university.

“Ordinarily medical doctors are not to be called doctors. They are basically physicians; that is the more reason you see they are addressed as registrars and later they graduate to be called consultant. 

“Those who have PhD are the ones to be called a ‘Dr’ and those who bagged honorary titles are also free to be called Dr because they were given in honour of some achievements they might have had that otherwise qualified them to be called Dr, but not truly at the same level with those who worked hard to get the award. But then, society accepts them. Even though they did not go through the academic process, they can be addressed with the title if they have truly contributed in other areas which makes them worthy to be given the title.”

President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has reaffirmed his administration's commitment to reclaiming ungoverned areas—particularly forests—in the North West and across Nigeria, deploying advanced surveillance and technology to combat kidnapping, banditry, and terrorism.

He made the promise when he addressed the Katsina elders and leaders at a state dinner held at the Government House on Friday night.

"On the issue of security raised by former governor Aminu Bello Masari again this evening, yes, I agree that security is a challenge for the country. I addressed the men and women of the armed forces earlier today and assured them that we will do everything to fight terrorism and banditry.

"We will invest more in technology and take over the forests. Security is a national issue, not just at the local or regional levels. If we genuinely need investment in Nigeria, we must address security.

"Investment is cowardly, and it will not go where there is banditry and terrorism. We will solve the problem together with the states and local councils," he said.

President Tinubu highlighted encouraging signs of Nigeria's economic recovery, attributing recent positive growth indicators to bold policy decisions.

The President said the federal government will consider upgrading the airport in Katsina State to create jobs and expand the economy.

President Tinubu also assured that victims of terrorism will receive support to pick up their lives.

The President thanked Aminu Bello Masari for his role in ensuring that he got the endorsement of the North West and emerged as the APC presidential candidate.

The President also thanked the governors who honoured the invitation of the Katsina State Governor Radda for the commissioning of projects and his daughter's wedding.

The governors were those of Kaduna, Jigawa, Borno, Benue, Yobe, Sokoto, and Kwara States.

President Tinubu acknowledged the leadership roles of Katsina indigenes in the country and described President Muhammadu Buhari as a man of integrity who contributed significantly to Nigeria's development.

"I wish him well," he said.

In his remarks, Governor Dikko Radda said the state had established a security outfit that gathers and supplies intelligence. 

He said the proposed airport expansion, including the cargo terminal, customer terminal, and fire truck, would create 2,700 direct jobs and cost N54 billion.

Former Governor Masari thanked the President for appointing two ministers from the state to the Federal Executive Council.

Masari also thanked the President for appointing Kaduna indigenes as special advisers, chairmen of boards and heads of regulatory agencies such as the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) and Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN).

On why he supported the President's ambition to contest the 2023 elections, he said: 

"You have the political will and courage to face the challenges of this country. You know the problem with humans: There will be resistance when new changes and a new social order are coming. And if you are not strong enough and determined, you will succumb, and the problem continues.

"But leadership is not about when it is all well. The hard way is the best; you know leaders during hard times. I know and believe you can do it; you have the courage."

Masari said the insecurity in the North West must be tackled holistically from the bottom up.

Bayo Onanuga

Special Adviser to the President

(information & Strategy)

President Bola Ahmed Tinubu will depart Abuja for Katsina State on Friday for a two-day official visit.

During the visit, the President will meet with key stakeholders to assess the security situation in the state.

He will commission the Katsina Agricultural Mechanized Centre and a 24KM dual carriageway completed by Governor Dikko Umar Radda.

President Tinubu will also honour an invitation to attend the wedding of the governor’s daughter before returning to Abuja.

Bayo Onanuga

Special Adviser to the President

(Information & Strategy)